关于分词与过去分词的迷雾专升本毕业论文范文 和拨开现在分词和过去分词的迷雾相关硕士论文开题报告范文

本文关于分词与过去分词的迷雾论文范文,可以做为相关论文参考文献,与写作提纲思路参考。

拨开现在分词和过去分词的迷雾

非谓语动词是高考语法的必考项目,而分词又是其考查的重点.很多考生不知如何区分现在分词与过去分词,觉得它们犹如一团迷雾.本文通过分析近几年高考有关分词的经典试题,帮助广大考生把握解题规律,拨开现在分词与过去分词的迷雾.

一、分词作状语

1.【解题规律】主动与被动:一般而言,分词作状语时,应根据其逻辑主语,即句子的主语去判断用现在分词还是过去分词.若存在主动关系,则用现在分词:若存在被动关系,则用过去分词.如:

(1) Founded in 1636, Harvard University is a world-famous university.(Founded的逻辑主语是HarvardUniversity,存在被动关系)

(2)The professor entered the laboratory,followedby his students. (followed的逻辑主语是The profes-sor,教授被学生跟着,是被动关系)

(3)The students entered the laboratory,followingtheir professor. (following的逻辑主语是The stu-dents,学生跟在教授后面.是主动关系)

(4) Raised in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had along,hard road to becoming a football star. (Raised的逻辑主语是he,存在被动关系)

(5)The old man sat in an armchair,reading a copyof Chin,a Daily attentively.(reading的逻辑主语是Theold man,是主动关系)

2.【解题规律】过去分词表示状态:英文中有一些及物动词的过去分词并不表示被动与完成,而是表示事物的一种状态.这样的动词有locate(使位于),situate(使坐落),seat(使坐下),dress,lose,ab-sorb等.如:

(l)Absorbed in painting,John didn´t noticeevening approaching.(等于As John was absorbed in paint-ing…)

(2)Dressed in a white uniform, he looks more likea cook than a doctor.f等于When he is dressed in a whiteuniform...)

(3)Faced with so much trouble,we failed to com-plete the talk on time.(等于As we were faced with so muchtrouble...)

试比较:

Facing so much trouble,we failed to complete thetalk on time.

(4) Lost in thought, the professor nearly bumped in-tothe electricity pole.(等于As the professor was lost inthought...)

二、分词作表语

【解题规律】含义不同:过去分词表示人们精神或情感上对某事物所作出的反应,意为“感到……的”:现在分词表示“令人……的”.过去分词作表语,具有形容词特征.大多数由及物动词转变过来的形容词具有被动意思.这样的形容词有interested,moved, discouraged, amused, astonished ,inspired等.有些由不及物动词转变过来的形容词表示主动的含义.这样的过去分词有retired,fallen,faded,gone,escaped等.

(l)Little Tom sat amazed watching the monkeydancing in front of him.看到前面的猴子跳舞,小汤姆感到惊讶.

(2)The old manis retired now.这个老人现在已经退休了.

(3)The audience felt very tired of the chairman´stiring speech.听众对董事长的令人乏味的演说感到厌倦.

(4)1fa story is exciting,you are excited when youread it.如果一部小说令人兴奋,那么你阅读时会感到兴奋.

三、分词作定语

1.【解题规律】修饰的对象有所不同:由及物动词转化成形容词的分词,作定语时一般放在名词的前面,现在分词一般用于修饰事物,而过去分词多用于修饰人.

注意:有些表示感情的过去分词不直接指某人如何,而常用来描述受影响的人的表情、声音或举止,但是实际上还是与人有关,可以理解为修饰人.如:

( 1)1´ ve gota broken heart.我伤心欲绝.

(2)Cholera was then a terrifying disease,and somany terrified people died every time there was an out-break.霍乱在当时是一种令人感到可怕的疾病,因此每当其暴发时总有那么多受惊吓的人死去.

(3)The old man is a retiredteacher who has taught English in ahigh school for 40 years.这位老人是教了40年书的中学英语退休教师.

( 4)The old man couldn´t wait to lee the troubledplace.这位老人迫不及待地想离开这个是非之地.

2.【解题规律】进行与完成:有些由不及物动词转化而来的现在分词作形容词,表示动作正在进行:有些由不及物动词转化而来的过去分词作形容词,表示动作已经完成.如:

(l)China is still a developing country while theU.S.is a developed country.中国仍然是一个发展中国家,而美国是一个发达国家.

(2)Look out !This is boiling water.当心,这是沸腾的开水.

(3) Please give me some boiled water to drink.请给我点开水喝.

3.【解题规律】分词短语作定语的区别:分词短语作定语,一般置于名词之后,现在分词短语一般表示主动或进行的动作,而过去分词短语往往表示一个已经完成的被动动作.如:

(1) To return to the problem of water pollution,I´dlike you to look at a study conducted in Australia iI12012.(等于~a study which was conducted…)

(2)Peter received a letter just now saying hisgrandma would come to see him soon.(等于…a letterjustnow which said his grandma would come to see him soon.)

(3 )It is one of the funniest things found on the In-ternet so far this year.(等于...things that he been foundon the Internet so far this year.)

(4)The boy sitting under the big tree is my ten-year-old boy.(等于The boy who is sitting under the big tree…)

四、分词作补足语

【解题规律】主动与进行还是被动与完成:现在分词一般表示主动的正在进行的动作,过去分词往往表示被动的完成的动作,分词作宾语补足语,其前面的宾语就是分词的逻辑主语:若分词作主语补足语,则其逻辑主语就是句子的主语.当然,有些已经转化成了形容词的现在分词和过去分词作补足语的区别,与它们作表语时的区别是一样的.具有这种用法的谓语动词多为表示感觉的动词(如find,watch,notice, ell, hear, see, look at,listen to等).另外,有些使役动词(如set,get,he,catch ,lee ,keep,send等)也可如此使用.如:

(l)They use computers to keep the traffic runningoothly.(表示动作正在进行)

(2)A good story does not necessarily he to he ahappy ending, but the reader must not be left unsatis-fied.(表示“感到不满意”)

(3)Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a goodway to he her written English improved in a short peri-od.(表示被动的动作)

(4)When the woman got home, she was amazed tofind that her house broken into.(表示被动的完成的动作)

(责任编校/彭益)

分词与过去分词的迷雾论文范文结:

关于分词与过去分词的迷雾方面的论文题目、论文提纲、分词与过去分词的迷雾论文开题报告、文献综述、参考文献的相关大学硕士和本科毕业论文。